Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller Essay Example For Students

Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller Essay In Death of A Salesman by Arthur Miller, the main character, Will Loman, could be considered a tragic hero. A tragedy must have conflict in it. Now only with people, but also in the mind of a character. In Death of a Salesman to A View from the Bridge, it said, â€Å"†¦not only conflict between people, but at the same time within the minds of the combatants.† From this, a tragedy must enlighten the reader, â€Å"†¦pertaining to the right way of living in the world.† In a tragedy, it gives the reader hope that man will overcome his weakness. â€Å"It is the glimpse of this brighter possibility that raises sadness.† Overall, a tragedy must ensue in a struggle that pins man against himself, with the possibility that everything will work out for the best. â€Å"†¦Most accurately balanced portrayal of the human being in his struggle for happiness.†Tragedy must ensue in the common man. The average man will compromise his being, in order to secure his personal dignity. He is trying to establish himself in society, where he thinks he rightfully fits in. Willy Noman was the average middle class man, who felt as a salesman, he commanded respect among his family and peers. He compromised his family in order to create the â€Å"American Dream,† or perfect family. The tragic hero must have a â€Å"tragic flaw.† This is a weakness in character. For Willy, it was his need to have material things, and have a perfect image. He had the â€Å"compulsion to evaluate himself justly.† Willy was so caught up in his image and how much money he had, he got lost in a sea of self-pity. He strived for the best with physical possessions, not a clear state of mind. â€Å"†¦The tragedy of Willy Loman is that he gave his life, or sold it, in order to justify the waste of it.† What made Willy a tragic hero? In his mind, he didn’t meet society’s qualifications of a successful life. He strived all his life to set back in his older years, and contemplate on his happy life. Instead, he â€Å"stared into the mirror at a failure.† His children were not successful, Willy was not successful, and he had nothing to be happy about. A tragedy is about the â€Å"heart and spirit of the average man.† As Willy had shown, his own-doing beat down his â€Å"heart and spirit†. Therefore, the reader relates most with the tragic hero, because it is the best reflection of himself. English Essays

Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Paper Example

Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Paper Osteoarthritis is primarily caused by the erosion of joint cartilage, which causes bones to rub or grate against each other. Osteoarthritis primarily affects synovial joints in which synovial fluid plays the important role of nourishing the avascular articular cartilage, providing the elasticity needed to absorb shock from rapid movements and the viscosity required to absorb shock from slow movements (Stitik Foye, 2010). Denudation of the cartilage leads to the exposure of the underlying bones. Osteoarthritis usually begins with a single weight-bearing joint. Rheumatoid arthritis is a â€Å"chronic systemic autoimmune disease† which arises when the immune system erroneously attacks the joint tissue, resulting in the effusion of joint lining. Macrophages and lymphocytes are known to produce pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines which contribute to the inflammation which characterizes rheumatoid arthritis (Altman, 2008). Besides affecting joints, rheumatoid arthritis may cause inflammation in other organs. Unlike osteoarthritis which first affects one or few joints, a prominent feature of rheumatoid arthritis is symmetry of involvement so that joints on both the right and left side of the body are affected almost simultaneously (Gupta Bhagia, 2010). Rheumatoid arthritis is therefore a more powerful cause of morbidity and premature death than osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis affects only joints and not any other organs in the body. Owing to the fact that the primary cause of osteoarthritis is the denudation of the cartilage and the inability of the body to replace the lost cartilage, it is synovial joints that bear the brunt of this degenerative process. Rheumatoid arthritis is largely results from the body’s own immunity mechanism, which leads to systemic inflammation. Thus, although rheumatoid arthritis also leads to cartilage loss, it also leads to inflammation of other organs including the lungs, pleura and ligaments. We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This systemic nature of rheumatoid arthritis leads to common extra-articular manifestations including fatigue, fever, subperiosteal and subcutaneous nodules, generalized malaise, weight loss, vasculitis, and pericarditis (Gupta Bhagia, 2010). Comparison Both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis affect joints, which also means that their symptoms are largely manifest around the joints. Some important symptoms of both conditions include joint pain, joint swelling, and redness and warmth near the affected joints. The joint pain and effusion restrict the arthritic person’s ability to move freely. Both diseases are also characterized by severe morning joint stiffness. Symmetry of involvement is one of the most prominent features of rheumatoid arthritis, a feature which is largely absent in osteoarthritis. This implies that the disease affects joints on the right and left limbs almost simultaneously. On the contrary, osteoarthritis affects one or a few joints at a time. As the disease progresses, more joints are affected. It is also notable that the risk of both increases with age. References Altman, R. (2008). Rheumatoid Arthritis (R. A.): Joint Disorders. The Merck Manual. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://www. merck. com/mmpe/sec04/ch034/ch034b. html Gupta, K. Bhagia, S. (2010). Rheumatoid Arthritis. eMedicine, March 30, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/305417-overview Stitik, T. Foye, P. (2010). Osteoarthritis. eMedicine, January 14, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/305145-overview

Process Analysis Essay free essay sample

The Secret This essay will provide three effective ways to stay alert and awake during a lecture. The methods are simple and easy to maintain. A person can count ceiling tiles to keep the mind and eyes focused on something while allowing the ears to freely hear the lecture given. A different way to stay occupied includes the practice of sketching effortless things in order to keep the mind focused on the lecture. The last and most effective way is to speak quietly. This essay will discuss, in detail, how to accomplish these tasks: counting ceiling tiles, sketching, and talking to oneself. First off, a way to evade falling asleep in class involves counting ceiling tiles. If a person starts dozing off in the middle of a lecture, said person could look up at the ceiling and begin counting the tiles above them. One can try deciphering the different shapes and sizes of the ceiling tiles. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Analysis Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, one can even divide them into different shapes and count them that way. This demonstrates a successful process for keeping awake and alert during any given lecture or tedious task a person must handle. Sometimes people find things such as this as difficult to accomplish even the most necessary tasks to accomplish at times. This proves to form a successful technique to prevent people from failing. Moreover, sketching helps when trying to keep oneself from drifting into a perpetual slumber during an important class or lecture. First, one must select the perfect color of ink needed to provide the ideal sketching experience and the desired fluidity of movement. This task allows a person to successfully hear the lecture being spoken and keep the mind from drifting off into unconsciousness. Second, one will need the proper paper to exercise sketching skills. Many different grades of paper are available. These range from notebook and copy paper to construction paper and card stock. Lastly, one needs the proper surface that will provide a smooth drawing experience. While the limitations of the writing surface are subject to the teaching environment or materials one has, one must choose the most solid and smooth surface. Finally, one can have a silent, mental conversation. The downfall of this technique is a person may miss key parts of the lecture given. However, this gives evidence to the fact that a person can keep the mind alert when attempting to stay awake in class. This proves itself as the most effective technique because this requires the person’s brain to stay attentive throughout the whole conversation. When a person normally speaks, one does not drift into slumber as easily. The best thing to discuss with oneself during a lecture attests to the way one maintains awareness while paying attention. In conclusion, this essay has discussed how to accomplish counting ceiling tiles, sketching, and talking to oneself. Counting ceiling tiles will the brain active and the eyes occupied, sketching provides movement for the hands and to allow the brain to concentrate on the lecture in progress, and lastly, to quietly engage in a conversation with oneself. This allows a person to remain alert and keeps a person awake during the class. With these tools, life will overwhelm ones life with success.

Reforms to Kenyas Corporate Law and Practice Essays

Reforms to Kenyas Corporate Law and Practice Essays Reforms to Kenyas Corporate Law and Practice Essay Reforms to Kenyas Corporate Law and Practice Essay The Companies ACTA (hereinafter referred to as the Act) Is based extensively on the united Kingdoms Companies Act 1948. This law has been in existence for the past 60 years with very minimum developments. It is imperative that laws should not be static but should change in tandem with the societal changes. Therefore, there is need to modernize Jennys company law to make it responsive to the currents needs by taking into consideration emerging trends in corporate affairs around the globe. Such emerging trends include modern means of communication, modern patterns of exultation and ownership as well as current trends of globalization and regional integration. A modern company law regime will support a competitive economy and spur Jennys economic growth as envisaged by Vision 2030. Amendments to the company law as It Is will definitely keep It In stride with the changing modes of corporate law and practice. It Is of Interest to note that the Auks Companies Act 1948 which our very own Act Is based on has undergone considerable changes. This same law has been discarded in most commonwealth countries. In UK, the changes have illuminated into the enactment of the Companies Act of 2006. An Anally Limited v. Attorney Generate, it was Lord Dinings view that: The common law cannot be applied in a foreign land without considerable qualification. Just as with an English oak, so with the English Common law. You cannot transplant to the African continent and expect it to have the same character it has in England. It will flourish indeed, but it needs careful tending The common law cannot fulfill this obligation except with considerable qualification Taking into consideration Lord Dinings words about moon law as stated above, we submit that with reference to an imported Act, It has to be tailored towards a Jurisdictions needs before or after importation. Therefore, such an Imported law needs to be updated from time to time so as to keep along with the changing circumstances In the local Jurisdiction. It is against this background that this part of our paper proposes reforms to Jennys Corporate Law and Practice. Proposed Reforms to Jennys Corporate Law and Practice (a) Company insolvency provisions The Company Act as it is today contains provisions relating to winding up of impassions. Whereas we acknowledge that such a state of affairs makes the Act a one stop shop for all company matters, it is our view that this increases the complexity of the same Act. In light of this, it is our recommendation that insolvency related provisions be expunged from the companies legislation. Insolvency related provisions should be contained In an Act specifically meant for insolvency. (b) Rehabilitation of Insolvent Companies Whenever a company becomes insolvent under the Act, it almost always leads to bringing to an end the existence of a company. This leads to loss of employment by former employees of such a company thus leading to high levels of employment which the Kenya government is grappling with. It is our view that an insolvent company should only be wound up where circumstances do indicate that the company cannot be brought back to its feet. We therefore, recommend that where there are reasons to believe that an insolvent company is capable of corporate rescue, such a company should not be wound up but it should be rehabilitated. 5 This reform has been Justified as crucially relevant to Jennys vision twenty thirty6 which seeks to transform Kenya into a competitive and prosperous middle income economy. It is thus implicit that this proposed reform has as its inherent object the reinforcement of the poverty reduction strategies through a rehabilitation and rescue procedure whose effective implementation would save Jobs and revenue in the long term (c) Preferential treatment of creditors The Act, during a Companys winding up process, puts preference to the government as a creditors as opposed to other creditors. It is against this background that we propose for an equal treatment of all company creditors during winding up. Many bona fide creditors of insolvent companies do lose the opportunity to recover their money because of the consideration of the government as a preferential creditor. This policy is detrimental to the growth of other businesses that are not classified as secured creditors. Where businesses are unable to recover the money owed to them, they may also experience financial difficulties and eventually suffer liquidation as well with the effect that a series of receivership occur and the momentum continues to build for more business failures. Government loss in the short term will certainly e compensated when the businesses have recovered and begin to pay taxes. (d) Enhancement of monetary penalties/values The Act contains various offences which carry monetary penalties. For instance, where a liquidator fails to comply with section 269 (3) of the Act, he is liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred shillings for every day during which he is in default. On the other hand, an offence committed by a director under section 276(3) makes one liable to imprisonment for a period not exceeding twelve months or to a fine not exceeding twenty thousand shillings or to both. Further, under part VI of the Act, a bet of at least asks. 1000 owed by a company to a debtor is sufficient ground for commencement of winding up proceedings if such a debt remains unpaid for three weeks upon demand. It is our view that the monetary values highlighted above were set taking into consideration Jennys economic circumstances during the sass. We propose that all monetary values under the Act be enhanced to reflect the current economic trends. Act cannot serve as a deterrent. Offenders who are well endowed economically might commit offences at will knowing so well that consequences for such conduct are not rave. We propose enhancement of penalties and fines for offences under the Act. For instance, where a director is found guilty of a misconduct under the Act, he should be barred for life from holding a seat as a director in any other company. This reform will rid the corporate world of fraudsters masquerading as directors. (e) Need to accommodate and adopt modern business communication practices The Act demands those engaged in the formation of a company to submit hard copies of the documents required for registration of a company to the registrar. Submission of he hard copies to the registrar also involves the physical presence of whoever submits the documents at the company registry. Further, the documents are usually presented and registered solely at the Company registry situate at the State Law Offices in Nairobi. A companys annual returns are also required to be submitted to the registrar in a hard copy. The existence of a single company registry leads to long queues and congestion at the company registrars office. A single company registry in the whole country causes mobility difficulties for people resident in far flung areas eke Alloying, Hajji, Mandela, Van and Chances. We recommend that the Company Act should be amended so as to allow online registration of companies. Online registration of companies will reduce the agony and difficulties experienced by Kenya resident in far flung areas. There is need to adopt and recognize electronic communication and the use of websites for a companys communications. Online registration and submission of annual returns by companies, payment of taxes and other related issues should be done online other than the current manual and physical practices of filing the said documents at the company registry. In the event that Kenya lacks the machinery to deal with technological challenges or cyber fraud likely to arise from the proposed online reforms, it is our alternative recommendation that County Company Registries be established in all the counties. Decentralization of the Company Registry will go a long way in fulfilling the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 objects. Company registries should be established in all the regional state law offices spread across the country. (f) One Member Company Section 4 of the Act provides that a public company shall be formed by seven or more errors whereas a private company shall be formed by 2 to 50 members. We argue that there are individuals with the economic wherewithal to promote and form a company single handedly . This kind of people should not be subjected to the troubles of looking for additional people to aid them in becoming members of a company. It is our suggestion that the law should be amended to allow a single individual to form a company provided the register of Members includes the name and address of that member and a statement that the company has only one member. There should be no restrictions on increasing the number of members to ore than one other than the company ensuring that the additional details of members are entered in its register of members. (g) Company Secretaries The current Act requires that every company shall have a secretary who is qualified in accordance with section 20 of the Certified Public Secretaries Act, 1988. In our nominal capital results to an extra-economic burden to small private companies. Whereas we acknowledge that the hiring of a Company Secretary by each company instills professionalism within the corporate world, the economic implication of this requirement on small private companies should not be ignored. It is against this backdrop that we suggest an amendment to the Act in order to allow private companies with a nominal capital of less than Five Million Shillings (EKES. ,000,000) not to hire a secretary qualified in accordance with section 20 of the Certified Public Secretaries Act, 1988. Instead, a director or any authorized person may fulfill the duties of a secretary. On the part of private companies with a nominal capital of at least asks. 5,000,000, we recommend that they should hire company secretaries registered with the Institute of Certified Public Secretaries of Kenya (SKIPS). This will accelerate professionalism and proper accountability in company matters. H) Stan dard of proof in fraud Another difficulty with the Act is the lifting of the corporate veil. In Re William Letch Brose Ltd, the court gave the word fraud a very liberal definition and noted that, where a Company continues to carry on business and incurs debts at a time when to the knowledge of the Directors, no reasonable prospects of the Creditors ever receiving payment of these debts, it is, in general a proper inference that the Company is carrying on business with the intent to defraud and in that case, the reporter veil can be lifted. Section 323 of the Act is to the effect that the shareholders and directors can be held liable for the debts and liabilities of the Company if it is proved that they were fraudulent in their dealings. In both fraudulent conduct highlighted above, there is always a difficulty in proving fraud. The degree of proof required is higher than a balance of probabilities but not beyond reasonable doubt. This state of affairs demands a lot of evidence so as to prove fraud yet in most instances there is never enough evidence to prove it. We recommend the incorporation of Shareholders Agreements within the Act. The Shareholders Agreement can practically make any provision for any conceivable eventuality in their relationship and thereby address in advance most of the issues which lead to disputes, litigation and even winding up of the Company. 11 With a Shareholders Agreement, the need to prove fraud shall be dispensed with as one is at liberty to sue for breach of the agreement instead of raising fraud issues. O)Reforms as to memos and articles Under the Act, members are obligated to set out all the objects of the company in the memorandum, with the consequence of lengthy and bulky memos. We propose that the Act provides for submission of a simplified memorandum of association. This can be achieved by reducing the information the memos need to contain. The Act requires that where a company adopts any model articles within the Catch, members must register articles with the registrar of companies. We recommend that a company to which model articles apply should not register the articles with the registrar. The requirement to register model article only contributes to the Conclusion It is our view that the reforms highlighted above should be incorporated into the Act. Allowing communication of a companys information in electronic form and through websites will ease communication and facilitate the efficient operation of companies. The simplification of the memorandum of association and the exemption from registering articles of association for companies to which model articles apply will make formation of a company easier and faster. As such, if incorporated into the Act, the proposed reforms will simplify and demystify the formation and operation of companies.

CT scan protoclos at RMC HOSPITAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

CT scan protoclos at RMC HOSPITAL - Essay Example Single-slice helical CT scanners were introduced in the 1980's and multislice CT scanners in the 1990's, which allows a larger section of the body to be scanned in a smaller period of time (Wesolowski, 2005). From the practical perspective, the benefits of CTs are immense. However, CT scans involve higher doses of radiation than the conventional x-ray procedure (Smith-Bindman et al, 2009). CT contributes a large dose towards medical radiation, and is the main source of man- made radiation excluding natural background radiation (Wiest, 2002). There is concern about the exposure of radiation in children and adult population and the subsequent long-term cancer risks. CT procedures cause high doses of radiation to be absorbed through the skin, in the range of 20-30 mGY (2-3 rads) (Wiest, 2002). There is greater concern for the pediatric population because they are more sensitive to radiation exposure than the adult population (Brenner, 2007). Children are more prone to exposure because they have a larger proportion of dividing cells and the tissues of children are up to 10 times more radiosensitive than adults (Brenner, 2007). Chwals et al., found that CT examinations of the head, abdomen an d pelvis routinely performed in pediatric trauma patients exposed them to 50 times the standard yearly dose of background ionizing radiation (Chwals, 2008). Radiation exposure in the adult population is low but still a concern. Broder suggests that in adults, it reaches its threshold in the 40's and then slowly decreases (Broder, 2006). Due to the repetitive radiation exposure and adverse effects associated with it, the operators of CT are expected to possess a concrete knowledge and practical understanding how to reduce the radiation dose patients receive to acceptable minimum (Manghat et al, 2005). Similar concerns regarding radiation exposure and cancer risks have propelled the medical community to implement protocols to lower the radiation dose in children, by adjusting the machine settings without compromising important information (Brenner, 2007). Other measures include reducing repeat CTs and decreasing unnecessary CTs by ensuring that any additional CTs ordered by a physician will only benefit the patient (Brenner, 2007). According to Manghat et al (2005), CT operators can utilize the variety of strategies to reduce radiation exposure such as the use of bismuth shields to protect organs sensitive to radiation, adjusting the machine settings using automatic exposure control (AEC), the tube voltage (kVp) reduc tion, decreasing the pitch and the tube current-time product (mAs). Practically, educating doctors regarding the risks associated with radiation is an important factor to allow physicians to make informed decisions when considering radiological tests (Thomas, 2006). Lee and colleagues highlighted this in a study that found 75% of Emergency Department (ED) physicians and radiologists underestimated the risks associated with radiation from CT examinations (Thomas, 2006). Recognition of the potential cancer risks by the medical community has pressed CT manufactures to implement programs to allow adjustment of the dose with respect to the child's body mass (Chwals, 2008). As of 2003, the majority of hospitals in developed countries reported implementing some programs to reduce radiation exposure in children, though still many hospitals have yet to implement these changes

Sandwich report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sandwich - Lab Report Example Among the foods that have been prepared to become ready to eat include meats, sushi, cheese, cereals, salads and other produce, dry goods including candies and biscuits, and meals that are ready to eat. On the other hand, salads and sandwiches are common ready to eat food that, due to their capacity for contamination, have been associated with strict guidelines for their preparation. Those guidelines conform to regulations that have been put in place in places like New York, and cover such things as changing/replacing gloves, prohibitions against the use of bare hands during the preparation process, and the kinds of food that are considered for inclusion in government codes of sanitation relating to the preparation of such ready to eat fare. It is worth noting that government codes have prescriptions for the degree to which food are to be heated in order to be considered safe for consumption. Since ready to eat food is generally not heated to meet those minimum temperature of reheati ng standards, they are subject to more rigorous regulations in terms of handling to prevent ready to eat food being contaminated with pathogens that can cause illness on wide scale. Food handling in preparation and in transport are by far the biggest sources of contamination when it comes to ready to eat food (Colorado Farm to Market, 2013; NY State Department of Health, 2005; Schaub, 2010; UK Government, 2008). Enterobacteriaceae are a group of pathogens that are used as indicators for when food has not been cooked adequately, or else when food has been subject to contamination after the food had been processed. E.coli, on the other hand, is a pathogen that when present indicates poor hygiene, lack of sanitation, and heat that has not been adequate to kill off the bacteria during the processing of food. Other pathogens include coagulase-positive staphylococci, c. perfingens, b. cereus, v. parahaemolyticus, campylobacter spp, salmonella spp, and L. monocytogenes (NSW Food Authority, 2009; ACT Health, 2002). These same pathogens seem to cross geographic boundaries, and share in common many of the pathogens that are found in ready to eat fare in other nations, such as Hong Kong, where ready to eat food is screened for a similar set of pathogens, including b. cereus, c. perfingens, campylobacter spp, e. coli, v. cholera, salmonella, and L. monocytogenes (Centre for Food Safety, 2007). The Canadian authorities include shigella, v. cholerae, y. enterocolitica, c. parvum, giardia lamblia, hepatitis, and scombroid poisoning to the list of pathogens above, with the most common symptoms and effects of contamination and infection in people being vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, wound infection, and gas gangrene (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives, n.d.). In the US, meanwhile, there is an intense focus on salmonella, e coli and listeria monocytogenes as the pathogens that most commonly infect ready to eat food, including produce. The lines of defense arrayed aga inst such pathogens in food include thermally killing the pathogens, making use of the so-called bacteriophage treatment, and the use of so-called antimicrobial GRAS agents (Food Safety Research Information Office, 2010). It is worth noting that in some of the bacteriological guidelines that were considered for this paper, emphasis is given on rating the quality of the food as

Policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Policy - Assignment Example The consideration was mainly for the couple that needed child and the child’s welfare was never the main issue. This has since changed and today and therefore during an adoption process the main issue that must be addressed is the welfare of the child. Despite there being corruption here and there that may hinder the due process of adoption to unwind, the environment of today tries to make adoption to be able to focus on how comfortable the child is going be during after he has been placed in the hands of adoptive parents (VanderMolen, 2005).. In this regard, unlike in the early years when the adoption of a child was almost like accounting the child to the highest bidder, what matters today is that the family or individual willing to adopt a child has to show that they will be able to provide the child with a viable environment in which to grow. They must show that they are not only financially capable to provide for the child but that they are also emotionally stable to give the child the emotional needs he or she requires in order to develop well from childhood to adulthood. This has also meant that the process of adoption is a long one and it is not a one day process. Anyone willing to adopt a child today must be willing to take a lengthy process that will finally determine if they are qualified. I also learn that adoption has also changed in other ways. For instance, during the inception of adoption, adoption was mainly for couples who did not have the biological ability to have their own children. Today, even a single individual can adopt a child and so they do not have to be a married couple. Even untraditional couples such as in gay marriages can adopt a child, but that depends on the state from which they come because some states do not allow gay marriages and so this would be a precedence to determine if the state will allow them to adopt a